水中立城市
使用大型语言模型的基于游戏的数字参与式规划
2024 年 2 月 - 2025 年 1 月
组：李冠宏、陈思源、盛子山
导师：Eduardo-Rico Carranza
技术导师：Sheng-Yang Huang、Daniel Kiss
抽象的
英格兰（尤其是东南部）的水环境因人口增长、气候变化和工业化而面临越来越大的压力，导致水资源短缺和污染。本研究重点关注具有重要生态意义的阿伦河和西溪流域以及奇切斯特港，以应对这些挑战。该研究确定了导致水污染和短缺的关键因素，包括农业径流、气候变化和城市发展。该研究借鉴英国政府的 25 年环境计划，探讨了水资源管理的政策框架，强调水中性和营养中性是缓解环境恶化的关键策略。
奇切斯特港是一处杰出自然风景区 (AONB) 和具有特殊科学价值地点 (SSSI)，特别容易受到营养物污染和干旱的影响，威胁其生物多样性和生态平衡。为了解决这些问题，该研究提出了创新的公众参与策略，包括基于游戏的学习，以加强社区对水资源保护工作的参与。通过整合游戏设计原则，例如玩家体验需求满足 (PENS) 模型，该研究旨在培养居民的意识、适应力和主动行为。
该研究评估了两种游戏形式：一种是实体棋盘游戏，配有能够通过检索增强生成 (RAG) 访问相关政策文件的聊天机器人；另一种是视频游戏，配有集成聊天机器人，但缺乏 RAG 功能。玩家互动显示出不同的模式：实体棋盘游戏更容易上手，引发了更多与奇切斯特及其环境问题相关的问题。相比之下，更具挑战性的视频游戏让玩家专注于与获胜相关的游戏规则和策略。对视频游戏中记录的玩家行为的分析表明，在连续几轮中，决策准确性有所提高，表明学习效果良好。与此同时，在实体游戏中，尽管很简单，但玩家与聊天机器人的互动更深入，优先考虑探索和对话，而不是输赢，这促进了不同但同样有价值的学习体验。
抽象的
英格兰（尤其是东南部）的水环境因人口增长、气候变化和工业化而面临越来越大的压力，导致水资源短缺和污染。本研究重点关注具有重要生态意义的阿伦河和西溪流域以及奇切斯特港，以应对这些挑战。该研究确定了导致水污染和短缺的关键因素，包括农业径流、气候变化和城市发展。该研究借鉴英国政府的 25 年环境计划，探讨了水资源管理的政策框架，强调水中性和营养中性是缓解环境恶化的关键策略。
奇切斯特港是一处杰出自然风景区 (AONB) 和具有特殊科学价值地点 (SSSI)，特别容易受到营养物污染和干旱的影响，威胁其生物多样性和生态平衡。为了解决这些问题，该研究提出了创新的公众参与策略，包括基于游戏的学习，以加强社区对水资源保护工作的参与。通过整合游戏设计原则，例如玩家体验需求满足 (PENS) 模型，该研究旨在培养居民的意识、适应力和主动行为。
该研究评估了两种游戏形式：一种是实体棋盘游戏，配有能够通过检索增强生成 (RAG) 访问相关政策文件的聊天机器人；另一种是视频游戏，配有集成聊天机器人，但缺乏 RAG 功能。玩家互动显示出不同的模式：实体棋盘游戏更容易上手，引发了更多与奇切斯特及其环境问题相关的问题。相比之下，更具挑战性的视频游戏让玩家专注于与获胜相关的游戏规则和策略。对视频游戏中记录的玩家行为的分析表明，在连续几轮中，决策准确性有所提高，表明学习效果良好。与此同时，在实体游戏中，尽管很简单，但玩家与聊天机器人的互动更深入，优先考虑探索和对话，而不是输赢，这促进了不同但同样有价值的学习体验。
Beneath Chichester lies many Chalk Acquifers that are at least 65 million years old. The microscopic image of Chalk shows the tiny shell fragments of algae which make up most of the rock. The porosity is about 45%.
Complex Water Governance
Water governance in Chichester is complex: two companies manage water supply (Portsmouth and Southern water company), while Southern Water handles all wastewater.
Pollution in Harbour Water Body
The Chichester Harbour, designated as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) and Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), faces significant pressures. Surrounding developments, including ongoing and proposed housing projects, are polluting local water sources. Runoff from the A27 highway, with its high chemical concentration, exacerbates the problem, while the road itself limits Chichester’s urban growth.
Combined Sewage Overflows (CSOs) significantly pollute the harbour. EA’s Event Duration Data reveals that Chichester’s Lavant Waste Water Treatment Work recorded over 6,000 hours of illegal sewage discharge in a year—nearly 70% of the year’s 8,760 hours. While the exact volume leaked is unknown, the duration alone is alarming.
Population and farmland distribution further complicate the issue. Farmlands feed urban areas, but nutrients rarely circulate back. Heavy rains overwhelm the system, turning the AONB into a polluted floodplain. Chichester harbour AONB is facing risk of downgrading due to low water quality, costal squeeze, and biodiversity loss. Locals have responded by nurturing oyster farms to absorb excess nitrogen and repurpose them as fertilizer. Currently, Six coupelles have been deployed to 2 locations – south of Stakes Island and to the west of the Emsworth channel.
Oysters primarily feed on nitrogen, we used EA's water quality data to see where in the harbour has the highest concentration in Phosphorous and Nitrogen. And we can see that one of the oyster coupelles are placed at high nitrogen area, and another is not due to other consideration of water movement.
Water Scarcity in the North
Arun Valley is one of the most important habitat in West Sussex. It is outside of Chichester's municipal boundary, however, using EA's water wells data to calculate abstraction intensity reveals that intensive abstraction upstream of Arun Valley is the major cause of wetland being dried.
Where does all the water go? According to West Sussex’s Water Management Plan 2027, abstracted water is sent to populated areas in the south and East Sussex. Southern Water, managing supply in northern Chichester, even borrows water from Portsmouth Water. While there may be some back-and-forth between northern and coastal areas, one thing is clear: the water input and output are severely imbalanced.
Flood in Low Areas
According to West Sussex’s Local Flood Risk, the coastal area faces high flood risk due to a combination of factors: extensive impervious surfaces, water pumped in to meet population demands, and seasonal tides.
Additionally, this region includes some of the country’s most productive farmland, making flooding a direct threat to agricultural yields.
Summary of Chichester's Water Situation
The complexity is not only in the governance right, but also in different water-related problems such as water scarcity, flooding and water pollution. To address these complex issues holistically and effectively, we use closely related water catchment as our final study area.
游戏演示
即将在 itch.io、github.io 和 STEAM 上推出。
关联
即将在 issue.com 上发布。